Civics: US Government & Politics: Standard Practice

Medium Level Guide Grade-level practice aligned to typical classroom expectations and unit assessments. Structure of Government Congress (legislative) makes laws. The president (executive) enforces laws. Federal courts (judicial) interpret laws. Each branch checks the others. Federalism divides power between national and state governments. Elections and Political Participation Voters elect representatives at local, state, and federal levels. The Electoral College selects the president. Interest groups and media shape public debate. Civic duties include voting, jury service, and staying informed. Rights and Responsibilities The Bill of Rights protects individual freedoms. Later amendments expanded voting rights. Civil liberties sometimes conflict with security and public safety, requiring ongoing legal interpretation by courts. Policy and Politics Political parties organize around platforms. Lobbying influences legislation. Budget decisions reflect priorities in defense, education, and social programs. Understanding government helps citizens engage effectively.